برخی از وجوه تمایز متون عرفانی نسبت به آثار غیرعرفانی ( با تأکید بر امهات آثار عرفانی قرون 6 -9 )

Mystical literature is one of the issues that accounts for a large part of Persian literature. Given its extent, mysticism (Sufism) has seen a lot of ups and downs. In addition, its impact on other areas is also significant. Mysticism is such an important topic about which different and even conflicting opinions have been issued. Therefore, so many different mystical schools have been established throughout history according to different tastes, various characteristics of which can be traced in the process of Persian literature. The present paper attempts to investigate the development of this process during the course of the sixth to the ninth centuries(A.H.) Efforts have been made to present a brief overview of the issue first, and then address its fundamental features. Furthermore, due to the abundance of mystical works in this age, the researchers tried to base their analysis mostly on the main mystical books of this period, namely Sanāyī’s Hadīqat and Rumi’s Mathnawī Ma'nawī. After introducing the characteristics of the mystical texts, including the levels of language, concept, special expressions related to Sufis, etc., efforts have been made to evaluate the instances of these characteristics in every single work, including Abhar al–‘āsheghīn, Sanāyī’s Hadīqat, Sanāyī’s Sayr al-mbād elā al-ma'ād, Elāhī Nāmeh, Mantiq al-teyr, Mokhtār Nāmeh, ‘Attār’s Dīvan and Asrār Nāāmeh, Asrār al-towhīd, Fīhe mā Fīhe, Rumī’s Mathnawī Ma´nawī and Ghazaliyat-e-Shams, and specified ghazals from Hafez.